Dataset

Genotyping (array)

Assessment of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as obtained through genotyping arrays.

In YNTR families, genotyping has predominantly been performed on buccal samples by the Avera Institute for Human Genetics (Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America) on the Affymetrix Axiom (https://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2016.152) and Illumina GSA arrays (https://doi.org/10.1017/10.1017/thg.2019.41). However, older YNTR projects have been genotyped on older genotyping platforms and occasionally used DNA isolated from blood samples, and researchers will be provided with an overview of which genotype platform was used to generate the genome-wide SNP data for each participant.

Labels	NA omics genomics genetics dna genes single nucleotide polymorphisms snps gwas polygenic risk scores prs snp ancestry biological sample genotyping pcs laboratory
Constructs	physiology
Available measurements	Young Netherlands Twin Register YC_ACTIONBB1_1 C S M F 10.0 - 13.0 years From 2014-01-01 to 2015-01-01 YC_ACTIONBB1_2 C S M F 10.0 - 13.0 years From 2014-01-01 to 2015-01-01 YC_ACTIONBB2 C S M F 6.0 - 11.0 years From 2015-01-01 to 2015-01-01 YC_ACTIONBB3 C S M F 6.0 - 13.0 years From 2016-01-01 to 2017-01-01 YC_BS1 C S M F 9.0 years From 2005-01-01 to 2005-01-01 YC_BS2 C S M F 12.0 years From 2007-01-01 to 2009-01-01 YC_BS3 C S M F 17.0 years From 2012-01-01 to 2014-01-01 YC_DSC C M F 10.0 - 13.0 years From 2002-01-01 to 2005-01-01 YE_FITNSS C S 16.0 - 18.0 years From 2012-01-01 to 2014-01-01 YC_ADHMRI C M F 15.0 years From 2003-01-01 to 2007-01-01 YE_COG18 C S M F 18.0 years From 2004-01-01 to 2006-01-01
Mode of collection	MeasurementsAndTests Biological sample/measurement

You can also access this dataset using the API (see API Docs).

author	None
author_email	None
creator_user_id	6c404c5c-dbec-4933-bc54-0b7656c773ba
dc_additional_info	In YNTR families, genotyping has predominantly been performed on buccal samples by the Avera Institute for Human Genetics (Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America) on the Affymetrix Axiom (https://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2016.152) and Illumina GSA arrays (https://doi.org/10.1017/10.1017/thg.2019.41). However, older YNTR projects have been genotyped on older genotyping platforms and occasionally used DNA isolated from blood samples, and researchers will be provided with an overview of which genotype platform was used to generate the genome-wide SNP data for each participant.
dc_analysis_unit	[]
dc_cohort	NTR
dc_common_id	0108_CD2
dc_mode_of_collection	MeasurementsAndTests
dc_mode_of_collection_sub	Biological sample/measurement
id	a92b04de-0506-44f4-a476-df404fc0775a
isopen	False
license_title	None
maintainer	None
maintainer_email	None
metadata_created	2023-03-28T10:01:19.341767
metadata_modified	2023-04-04T12:49:00.127717
name	c92d0cfe4919fb3ee0f6affa53f43e12
notes	Assessment of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as obtained through genotyping arrays.
num_resources	0
num_tags	0
organization	{'id': '1c79e3cf-de04-4f4c-aa77-46aff3228db4', 'name': 'ntr', 'title': 'NTR', 'type': 'organization', 'description': 'The Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) consists of individuals who have agreed to participate in twin-family studies and was established and is managed by the Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam (see: https://tweelingenregister.vu.nl/). The NTR was established in 1987 and has enrolled around 120.000 twins and a roughly equal number of their relatives. The majority of twin families have participated one or more times in survey studies on a host of epidemiological variables including social demography, personality, lifestyle, somatic and mental health, and subsamples took part in biomaterial collection (e.g. DNA) and dedicated projects for e.g. neuropsychological, biomarker, and behavioural traits. The recruitment into the NTR is fully inclusive without any restrictions on enrolment. The NTR is committed to actively seek the commitment of its participants to science and their continued involvement in NTR research by maintaining a website, electronic newsletters, and the MijnNTR portal that provides personalized feedback to participants. The NTR resources, e.g. the longitudinal phenotyping, the extended pedigree structures, and the multi-generation genotyping allow for future twin-family research that will contribute to gene discovery, causality modelling, and studies of genetic and cultural inheritance of behavioural traits and mental and physical health. In the CD2 portal, only the NTR projects for children and adolescents (<18 years of age) have been included. This is refered to as the Young Netherlands Twin Register (YNTR).', 'image_url': 'https://beta.data.individualdevelopment.nl/img/logo_ntr.png', 'created': '2023-03-06T15:49:42.299075', 'is_organization': True, 'approval_status': 'approved', 'state': 'active'}
owner_org	1c79e3cf-de04-4f4c-aa77-46aff3228db4
private	False
state	active
title	Genotyping (array)
type	dataset
dc_constructs	[{'dc_construct': 'physiology'}]
dc_labels	[{'dc_label': 'NA'}, {'dc_label': 'omics'}, {'dc_label': 'genomics'}, {'dc_label': 'genetics'}, {'dc_label': 'dna'}, {'dc_label': 'genes'}, {'dc_label': 'single nucleotide polymorphisms'}, {'dc_label': 'snps'}, {'dc_label': 'gwas'}, {'dc_label': 'polygenic risk scores'}, {'dc_label': 'prs'}, {'dc_label': 'snp'}, {'dc_label': 'ancestry'}, {'dc_label': 'biological sample'}, {'dc_label': 'genotyping'}, {'dc_label': 'pcs'}, {'dc_label': 'laboratory'}]
measure_age_range	[{'measure_age_month': 72}, {'measure_age_month': 73}, {'measure_age_month': 74}, {'measure_age_month': 75}, {'measure_age_month': 76}, {'measure_age_month': 77}, {'measure_age_month': 78}, {'measure_age_month': 79}, {'measure_age_month': 80}, {'measure_age_month': 81}, {'measure_age_month': 82}, {'measure_age_month': 83}, {'measure_age_month': 84}, {'measure_age_month': 85}, {'measure_age_month': 86}, {'measure_age_month': 87}, {'measure_age_month': 88}, {'measure_age_month': 89}, {'measure_age_month': 90}, {'measure_age_month': 91}, {'measure_age_month': 92}, {'measure_age_month': 93}, {'measure_age_month': 94}, {'measure_age_month': 95}, {'measure_age_month': 96}, {'measure_age_month': 97}, {'measure_age_month': 98}, {'measure_age_month': 99}, {'measure_age_month': 100}, {'measure_age_month': 101}, {'measure_age_month': 102}, {'measure_age_month': 103}, {'measure_age_month': 104}, {'measure_age_month': 105}, {'measure_age_month': 106}, {'measure_age_month': 107}, {'measure_age_month': 108}, {'measure_age_month': 109}, {'measure_age_month': 110}, {'measure_age_month': 111}, {'measure_age_month': 112}, {'measure_age_month': 113}, {'measure_age_month': 114}, {'measure_age_month': 115}, {'measure_age_month': 116}, {'measure_age_month': 117}, {'measure_age_month': 118}, {'measure_age_month': 119}, {'measure_age_month': 120}, {'measure_age_month': 121}, {'measure_age_month': 122}, {'measure_age_month': 123}, {'measure_age_month': 124}, {'measure_age_month': 125}, {'measure_age_month': 126}, {'measure_age_month': 127}, {'measure_age_month': 128}, {'measure_age_month': 129}, {'measure_age_month': 130}, {'measure_age_month': 131}, {'measure_age_month': 132}, {'measure_age_month': 133}, {'measure_age_month': 134}, {'measure_age_month': 135}, {'measure_age_month': 136}, {'measure_age_month': 137}, {'measure_age_month': 138}, {'measure_age_month': 139}, {'measure_age_month': 140}, {'measure_age_month': 141}, {'measure_age_month': 142}, {'measure_age_month': 143}, {'measure_age_month': 144}, {'measure_age_month': 145}, {'measure_age_month': 146}, {'measure_age_month': 147}, {'measure_age_month': 148}, {'measure_age_month': 149}, {'measure_age_month': 150}, {'measure_age_month': 151}, {'measure_age_month': 152}, {'measure_age_month': 153}, {'measure_age_month': 154}, {'measure_age_month': 155}, {'measure_age_month': 156}, {'measure_age_month': 180}, {'measure_age_month': 192}, {'measure_age_month': 193}, {'measure_age_month': 194}, {'measure_age_month': 195}, {'measure_age_month': 196}, {'measure_age_month': 197}, {'measure_age_month': 198}, {'measure_age_month': 199}, {'measure_age_month': 200}, {'measure_age_month': 201}, {'measure_age_month': 202}, {'measure_age_month': 203}, {'measure_age_month': 204}, {'measure_age_month': 205}, {'measure_age_month': 206}, {'measure_age_month': 207}, {'measure_age_month': 208}, {'measure_age_month': 209}, {'measure_age_month': 210}, {'measure_age_month': 211}, {'measure_age_month': 212}, {'measure_age_month': 213}, {'measure_age_month': 214}, {'measure_age_month': 215}, {'measure_age_month': 216}]
wave	[{'wave_ckan_id': '493fa4aa87b127de5472cfc648ada5f1', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'This is the first wave of the technical pilot of the ACTION project (Aggression in Children: Unraveling gene-environment interplay to inform Treatment and interventION strategies Consortium; http://www.action-euproject.eu/). The aim of the technical pilot was to test the collection protocols for urine and buccal sample collection in children. The technical pilot comprised of twin participants with a low aggression score (T-score<65) on the mother-reported ASEBA CBCL Aggression Syndrome Scale at age 3 and/or age 7. Urine samples with minimal information regarding urine collection were collected at two timepoints with an interval of approximately two weeks. Urine samples contributed to the optimization of the biomarker assays and the liquid and gas chromatography mass spectrometry protocols for analyzing urine samples in children. In the technical pilot a urine dipstick and assessment of urine density (specific gravity) were obtained in addition to 15 biomarker assays (creatinine, neopterin, C-peptide, Substance P, Oxidized DNA/RNA, Procalcitonin, total antioxidant capacity, glucose, Thiobarbituric acid reactive species, beta-endorphin, cholecytokin, leu-enkaphalin, dynorphin A, albumin, and neurotensin) , and two metabolomics platforms (liquid chromatography mass spectrometry platform targeting amines and gas chromatography mass spectrometry platform targeting organic acids). Buccal-cell samples were also collected at both time points where samples obtained from wave 1 were genotyped on the Affymetrix Axiom genotyping array. ', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2015-01-01', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2014-01-01', 'wave_subject_codes': ['C', 'S', 'M', 'F'], 'wave_title': 'YC_ACTIONBB1_1', 'wave_universe': '120-156'}, {'wave_ckan_id': '2e5c638578137ebadfe308ae32addd35', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'This is the second wave of the technical pilot of the ACTION project (Aggression in Children: Unraveling gene-environment interplay to inform Treatment and interventION strategies Consortium; http://www.action-euproject.eu/). The aim of the technical pilot was to test the collection protocols for urine and buccal sample collection in children. The technical pilot comprised of twin participants with a low aggression score (T-score<65) on the mother-reported ASEBA CBCL Aggression Syndrome Scale at age 3 and/or age 7. Urine samples with minimal information regarding urine collection were collected at two timepoints with an interval of approximately two weeks. Urine samples contributed to the optimization of the biomarker assays and the liquid and gas chromatography mass spectrometry protocols for analyzing urine samples in children. In the technical pilot a urine dipstick and assessment of urine density (specific gravity) were obtained in addition to 15 biomarker assays (creatinine, neopterin, C-peptide, Substance P, Oxidized DNA/RNA, Procalcitonin, total antioxidant capacity, glucose, Thiobarbituric acid reactive species, beta-endorphin, cholecytokin, leu-enkaphalin, dynorphin A, albumin, and neurotensin) , and two metabolomics platforms (liquid chromatography mass spectrometry platform targeting amines and gas chromatography mass spectrometry platform targeting organic acids). Buccal-cell samples were also collected at both time points where samples obtained from wave 1 were genotyped on the Affymetrix Axiom genotyping array. ', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2015-01-01', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2014-01-01', 'wave_subject_codes': ['C', 'S', 'M', 'F'], 'wave_title': 'YC_ACTIONBB1_2', 'wave_universe': '120-156'}, {'wave_ckan_id': '2698643e5b9a7a2b266f22734b0967aa', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'This is the Biochemical Study of the ACTION project (Aggression in Children: Unraveling gene-environment interplay to inform Treatment and interventION strategies Consortium; http://www.action-euproject.eu/). The aim of the biochemical study was to further validate the biomarker assays and metabolomics platforms selected during the technical pilot in a larger twin sample. The twins were selected based on their mother-rated aggression scores (Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) Child Behavior Checklist) at age 3 and/or 7. The Biochemical study comprised concordant low-scoring twin pairs, concordant high-scoring twin pairs, and a discordant low-high scoring twin pairs. High aggression was defined as having an ASEBA CBCL Aggression Syndrome Scale T-score equal to or larger than 65, and low aggression as an ASEBA CBCL Aggression Syndrome Scale T-score of less than 65. Here, data collection comprised of first-morning urine samples and buccal-cell DNA samples in the twins and family members living at the same address as the participating twin pairs were also asked to provide a buccal-cell DNA sample. During the urine and buccal-cell collection, parents of the twins were asked to complete the ASEBA CBCL for school-aged children (6-18 years) to reflect the current child behaviors, and to provide information about health condition of the twins and conditions of urine collection. Biochemical measurement in urine included a dipstick, density (specific gravity), creatinine, neopterin, C-peptide, Substance P, oxidized DNA/RNA, procalcitonin, total antioxidant capacity, and glucose, and two metabolomics platforms: 1) a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) platform targeting amines; and 2) a LC-MS platform targeting steroid hormones. Buccal-cell samples genotyped on the Affymetrix Axiom genotyping array. ', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2015-01-01', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2015-01-01', 'wave_subject_codes': ['C', 'S', 'M', 'F'], 'wave_title': 'YC_ACTIONBB2', 'wave_universe': '72-132'}, {'wave_ckan_id': '2e0143a5f2a71b8c14d7a4e47ef791bb', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'This is the Main Study of the ACTION project (Aggression in Children: Unraveling gene-environment interplay to inform Treatment and interventION strategies Consortium; http://www.action-euproject.eu/). Here, data collection of first-morning urine samples for metabolomics biomarker discovery and buccal-cell DNA samples for (epi)genetics was conducted in a large cohort of young twins. Family members living at the same address as the participating twin pairs were also asked to provide a buccal-cell DNA sample. The twins were selected to be part of a concordant low-scoring twin pair, a concordant high-scoring twin pair, or a discordant twin pair. Aggression had been assessed in the past by the age-appropriate version of the CBCL (Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) Child Behavior Checklist). During the urine and buccal-cell collection, parents of the twins were asked to complete the ASEBA CBCL for school-aged children (6-18 years) to reflect the current child behaviors, and to provide information about health condition of the twins and conditions of urine collection. Biochemical measurement in urine included a dipstick, density (specific gravity), creatinine, neopterin, C-peptide, Substance P, and oxidized DNA/RNA. Metabolomics data of the Main Study together with the samples obtained in the Biochemical Study (ACTIONBB2) were were obtained from three metabolomics platforms: 1) a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) platform targeting amines; 2) a LC-MS platform targeting steroid hormones; and 3) a gas chromatography (GC) MS platform targeting organic acids. Buccal-cell samples of the twins from the Main Study together with the samples obtained in the Biochemical Study (ACTIONBB2) were used for genome-wide methylation measurement on the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip Kit (after conclussion of the ACTION project additional twin pairs and siblings were also measured on this platform). DNA samples from all family members were genotyped on the Affymetrix Axiom or Illumina GSA genotyping arrays.', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2017-01-01', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2016-01-01', 'wave_subject_codes': ['C', 'S', 'M', 'F'], 'wave_title': 'YC_ACTIONBB3', 'wave_universe': '72-156'}, {'wave_ckan_id': '3dafc9bb0eeddab5d4d834b78aafb277', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'The main aim of this project was to explore to what extent genetic and environmental factors explain individual differences in brain development and cognition. The study was the start of a Dutch longitudinal study in which twins, their siblings and their parents were assessed at three year intervals. Data collection included psychometric IQ tests, a comprehensive neuropsychological testing protocol, and parental and self-ratings of behavioral and emotional problems. Physical maturation was measured through assessment of Tanner stages. Hormonal levels (cortisol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and estrogens) were assessed in urine and saliva. Brain scans were acquired using 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which provided volumetric measures and measures of cortical thickness. Buccal swabs were collected for DNA isolation for future candidate gene and genome-wide analysis studies', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2005-01-01', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2005-01-01', 'wave_subject_codes': ['C', 'S', 'M', 'F'], 'wave_title': 'YC_BS1', 'wave_universe': '108'}, {'wave_ckan_id': 'c5467bc75c9c3b0964e9d728cd3d56f0', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'The main aim of this project was to explore to what extent genetic and environmental factors explain individual differences in brain development and cognition. The study was a part of a Dutch longitudinal study in which twins, their siblings and their parents were assessed at three years interval. This project included the measurement three years after baseline, around the 12th birthday of the twins. Data collection included psychometric IQ tests, a comprehensive neuropsychological testing protocol, and parental and self-ratings of behavioral and emotional problems. Physical maturation was measured through assessment of Tanner stages. Hormonal levels (cortisol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and estrogens) were assessed in urine and saliva. Brain scans were acquired using 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which provided volumetric measures and measures of cortical thickness. Buccal swabs were collected for DNA isolation for future candidate gene and genome-wide analysis studies.', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2009-01-01', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2007-01-01', 'wave_subject_codes': ['C', 'S', 'M', 'F'], 'wave_title': 'YC_BS2', 'wave_universe': '144'}, {'wave_ckan_id': '687788658d4a22ff44185f6f5fce3259', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'The main aim of this project was to explore to what extent genetic and environmental factors explain individual differences in brain development and cognition. The study was a part of a Dutch longitudinal study in which twins, their siblings and their parents were assessed at three years interval. This project included the measurement eight years after baseline, around the 17th birthday of the twins. Data collection included psychometric IQ tests, a comprehensive neuropsychological testing protocol, and parental and self-ratings of behavioral and emotional problems. Physical maturation was measured through assessment of Tanner stages. Hormonal levels were assessed in urine and saliva. Brain scans were acquired using 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which provided volumetric measures and measures of cortical thickness. Buccal swabs were collected for DNA isolation for future genetic association studies.', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2014-01-01', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2012-01-01', 'wave_subject_codes': ['C', 'S', 'M', 'F'], 'wave_title': 'YC_BS3', 'wave_universe': '204'}, {'wave_ckan_id': '0fdd2cc18b1fa8eaad6f87bff8762f98', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'The purpose of this project was to investigate the relation between Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) diagnosis of ADHD and Child Behavioral Checklist Attention Problems (CBCL-AP) scores. Twins were selected based on their maternal CBCL-AP scores at ages 7, 10 and 12. Twin pairs were selected if at least one of the twins scored high on AP (affected pairs), or if both twins scored low on AP (control pairs). In families that agreed to participate, the mother of the twins was interviewed by telephone with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV). Other surveys that were collected are the CBCL, SWAN and YSR. Mouth swabs were used to collect buccal cell samples, from which DNA was extracted.', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2005-01-01', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2002-01-01', 'wave_subject_codes': ['C', 'M', 'F'], 'wave_title': 'YC_DSC', 'wave_universe': '120-156'}, {'wave_ckan_id': '7d0c589d83cffbbbd34a2a6430f735ae', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'This study aimed to investigate determinants of adolescent exercise behavior in a sample of healthy twins and their siblings. Body composition was measured, as well as physical fitness (standing jump, hand grip, sit-and reach flexibility, balance tests). Impulsiveness of the subjects was assessed by the delay discounting questionnaire. Regular voluntary exercise behavior was measured by a short lifestyle interview. While being equipped with a VU-AMS and Cosmed device, the subjects performed two submaximal exercise tests and one maximal exercise test. The VU University Ambulatory Monitoring System (VU-AMS) device records electrocardiogram (ECG) data and impedance cardiogram (ICG) data. The Cosmed device measures oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2). VO2max (endurance capacity) was derived during the maximal exercise test. Before, during and after the exercise tests, subjects filled out the Activation-Deactivation Adjective Checklist (AD ACL), Feeling Scale (FS) and the Borg’s Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) at multiple time points. These questionnaires determined the subjects’ affective response to exercise. To determine zygosity, DNA was collected through buccal swabs.', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2014-01-01', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2012-01-01', 'wave_subject_codes': ['C', 'S'], 'wave_title': 'YE_FITNSS', 'wave_universe': '192-216'}, {'wave_ckan_id': 'da08497f2ef7d7868f6ef93b9ad8d22f', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'Within the ADHD-MRI project, the genetic and environmental influence on ADHD related neurobiological changes were investigated in monozygotic twins. Twins were selected based on their Child Behavior Checklist Attention Problems (CBCL-AP) scores obtained in the regular YNTR survey waves and divided into three groups: discordant pairs (one affected, one unaffected), concordant pairs (both affected) and control pairs (both unaffected). To determine the presence of ADHD, mothers of the participants were interviewed with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV). Additionally, they filled in two behavioral questionnaires (CBCL and Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behavior (SWAN)). The twins filled in the Youth Self Report (YSR). Based on the outcome of the interview and questionnaires, twin pairs that were found eligible for the MRI experiments were invited. Both structural and functional MRI (color-stroop and flanker tasks) were performed. DNA was collected to confirm zygosity.', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2007-01-01', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2003-01-01', 'wave_subject_codes': ['C', 'M', 'F'], 'wave_title': 'YC_ADHMRI', 'wave_universe': '180'}, {'wave_ckan_id': '8fb82c775194379af04d33ee9bba53db', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'This project is the fifth measurement of a longitudinal study into the development of intelligence and problem behaviour (waves one and two not included in CD2) to which additional participants were recruited (twins with siblings and their parents). The test protocol consisted of a physical part and a psychological part. Physical measurements included cardiovascular functioning (assessed with the VU-AMS device), a physical examination with basic anthropometric measurements and the collection of saliva, DNA and fingerprints. The psychological part consisted of a series of cognitive tests that measured the following abilities: intelligence (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, WISC-R or Revised Amsterdamse Kinder Intelligentie Test, RAKIT); inhibition (Stroop); spontaneous production of words (Verbal fluency); verbal learning and memory (California Verbal Learning Task, CVLT); emotion recognition (Reading the mind in the eyes); perceptual speed (Π inspection time task); spatial short term memory (n-back task and Corsi block tapping task). Furthermore, some questionnaires were administered to the participants (Autism-Spectrum Quotient, Tanner self-report), mothers of the twins (Social Responsiveness Scale) and research assistants (Test Observation form).', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2006-01-01', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2004-01-01', 'wave_subject_codes': ['C', 'S', 'M', 'F'], 'wave_title': 'YE_COG18', 'wave_universe': '216'}]
resources	[]
tags	[]
groups	[]
relationships_as_subject	[]
relationships_as_object	[]
tracking_summary	{'total': 31, 'recent': 3}